Public companies that engage in capital raising activities from time to time must consider whether it is advisable to have an effective shelf registration statement on Form S-3 on file in advance of raising capital, or whether to simply wait to file a Form S-3 until such time that the company desires to raise capital.
As background, shelf registration statements may be utilized by public companies eligible to use Form S-3 (which generally requires, among other things, that an issuer have at least $75 million in non-affiliate common equity public float and have filed all required SEC reports over the last 12 months), to register the issuance of various classes of the company’s securities on a delayed or continuous basis, to be issued in public offerings from time to time, either by the issuer or selling security holders. At the time of an offering, these securities are then sold in a “take down” off the shelf utilizing a prospectus supplement describing (among other things) the terms of the offering and incorporating by reference information about the issuer. Shelf registration statements generally only remain effective for three years.
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